KARAKTERISTIK IMT, GDP, GD2PP, DAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PASIEN DMT2 RS DIRGAHAYU KOTA SAMARINDA
Keywords:
2-Hour Postprandial Blood Sugar Level, Body Mass Index, Fasting Blood Sugar Level, Medication Adherence, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the body caused by the ineffective use of the hormone insulin. Approximately 462 million people had type 2 diabetes mellitus (6.28% of the world's population) in 2017. This research aims to understand the characteristics of body mass index, fasting blood sugar levels, 2-hour postprandial blood sugar levels, and medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach conducted at the Internal Medicine Clinic of Dirgahayu Samarinda General Hospital. The minimum sample size was 115 individuals, selected using the consecutive sampling technique. The average age of the sample was 57.4±10.8 years, with a majority being female (53.9%). Most samples had a normal BMI category (60.9%), but medication adherence was low (53.0%). The average fasting blood sugar level in 58 out of 115 samples was 209.0±64.1 mg/dL. Additionally, the average 2-hour postprandial blood sugar level obtained from 25 out of 115 samples was 279.0±96.2 mg/dL.
References
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Mahmoodi, H., Nahand, F. J., Shaghaghi, A., Shooshtari, S., Asghari, M., Jafarabadi, & Allahverdipour, H. (2019). Gender based cognitive determinants of medication adherence in older adults with chronic conditions. Patient Preference and Adherence, 13, 1733–1744. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S219193
Manteuffel, M., Williams, S., Chen, W., Verbrugge, R. R., Pittman, D. G., & Steinkellner, A. (2014). Influence of patient sex and gender on medication use, adherence, and prescribing alignment with guidelines. Journal of Women’s Health, 23(2), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2012.3972
Nanda, O. D., Wiryanto, B., & Triyono, E. A. (2018). Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anti Diabetik dengan Regulasi Kadar Gula Darah pada Pasien Perempuan Diabetes Mellitus. Amerta Nutrition, 2(4), 340. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v2i4.2018.340-348
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Smaje, A., Weston-Clark, M., Raj, R., Orlu, M., Davis, D., & Rawle, M. (2018). Factors associated with medication adherence in older patients: A systematic review. Aging Medicine, 1(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12045
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Tjokroprawiro, A., Setiawan, P., Santoso, D., Soegiarto, G., & Rahmawati, L. (2015). Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam (2nd ed.). Airlangga University Press.
Wibowo, M. I. N. A., Yasin, N. M., Kristina, S. A., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2021). Systematic Review : Determinan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2 di Indonesia. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 31(4), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v31i4.4855
World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Classification of diabetes mellitus. In WHO. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12855_84
Yap, A. F., Thirumoorthy, T., & Kwan, Y. H. (2016). Medication adherence in the elderly. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics, 7(2), 64–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcgg.2015.05.001
Yulianti, T., & Anggraini, L. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Rawat Jalan di RSUD Sukoharjo. Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 17(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v17i2.12261
Bae, J., Lage, M., Mo, D., Nelson, D., & Hoogwerf, B. (2015). Obesity and glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus: Analysis of physician electronic health records in the US from 2009–2011. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 30, 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.11.016
Boucquemont, J., Pai, A. L., Dharnidharka, V. R., Hebert, D., Furth, S. L., & Foster, B. J. (2019). Gender differences in medication adherence among adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients HHS Public Access. Transplantation, 103(4), 798–806. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002359
Chen, S. L., Lee, W. L., Liang, T., & Liao, I. C. (2014). Factors associated with gender differences in medication adherence: A longitudinal study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(9), 2031–2040. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12361
Consolazio, D., Gattoni, M. E., & Russo, A. G. (2022). Exploring gender differences in medication consumption and mortality in a cohort of hypertensive patients in Northern Italy. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13052-9
Erickson, J., Sadeghirad, B., Lytvyn, L., Slavin, J., & Johnston, B. C. (2017). The scientific basis of guideline recommendations on sugar intake: A systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 166(4), 257–267. https://doi.org/10.7326/M16-2020
Febrinasari, R. P., Sholikah, T. A., Pakha, D. N., & Putra, S. E. (2020). Buku Saku Diabetes Melitus untuk Awam. In UNS Press (1st ed.). UNS Press.
Gatineau, M., Hancock, C., Horman, N., Outhwaite, H., Oldridge, L., Christe, A., & Elis, L. (2014). Adult obesity and type 2 diabetes. www.facebook.com/PublicHealthEngland
Harvard Medical School. (2019). Mars vs. Venus: The Gender Gap in Health - Harvard Health Publishing - Harvard Health. Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/mars-vs-venus-the-gender-gap-in-health
Hasanah, N., & Ikawati, Z. (2021). Analisis Korelasi Gula Darah Puasa, HbA1c, dan Karakteristik Partisipan. JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice), 11(4), 240. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.62292
Hashimoto, K., Urata, K., Yoshida, A., Horiuchi, R., Yamaaki, N., Yagi, K., & Arai, K. (2019). The relationship between patients’ perception of type 2 diabetes and medication adherence: a cross-sectional study in Japan. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences, 5(2), 2–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40780-019-0132-8
Hendriksen, L. C., van der Linden, P. D., Lagro-Janssen, A. L. M., van den Bemt, P. M. L. A., Siiskonen, S. J., Teichert, M., Kuiper, J. G., Herings, R. M. C., Stricker, B. H., & Visser, L. E. (2021). Sex differences associated with adverse drug reactions resulting in hospital admissions. Biology of Sex Differences, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-021-00377-0
Husna, A., Jafar, N., Hidayanti, H., Dachlan, D. M., & Salam, A. (2022). Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Dengan Gula Darah Pasien Dm Tipe II Di Puskesmas Tamalanrea Makassar. JGMI : The Journal of Indonesian Community Nutrition, Vol 11 No.(1), 20–26.
Irawan, Q. P., Utami, K. D., Reski, S., & Saraheni. (2022). Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan Kadar HbA1c pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II di Rumah Sakit Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie. Formosa Journal of Science and Technology, 1(5), 459–468. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v1i5.1220
Iswiningtyas, M. I., Sari, K. I., & Setiadhi, R. (2019). … post prandial pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe II dengan kecepatan pengunyahan terkontrol Blood sugar level 2 hours postprandial in patients with type II diabetes …. Padjadjaran Journal of …, 2(2), 75–81. http://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/pjdrs/article/view/21448
Jasmine, N. S., Wahyuningsih, S., & Thadeus, M. S. (2020). Analisis Faktor Tingkat Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Periode Maret – April 2019. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 8(1), 61–66. https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jmki/article/view/24742
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemkes RI). (2019). Laporan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Riskesdas 2018. In Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. https://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/lpb/article/view/3760
Kim, S. J., Kwon, O. D., Han, E. B., Lee, C. M., Oh, S. W., Joh, H. K., Oh, B., Kwon, H., Cho, B., & Choi, H. C. (2019). Impact of number of medications and age on adherence to antihypertensive medications: A nationwide population-based study. Medicine, 98(49), 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017825
Mahmoodi, H., Nahand, F. J., Shaghaghi, A., Shooshtari, S., Asghari, M., Jafarabadi, & Allahverdipour, H. (2019). Gender based cognitive determinants of medication adherence in older adults with chronic conditions. Patient Preference and Adherence, 13, 1733–1744. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S219193
Manteuffel, M., Williams, S., Chen, W., Verbrugge, R. R., Pittman, D. G., & Steinkellner, A. (2014). Influence of patient sex and gender on medication use, adherence, and prescribing alignment with guidelines. Journal of Women’s Health, 23(2), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2012.3972
Nanda, O. D., Wiryanto, B., & Triyono, E. A. (2018). Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anti Diabetik dengan Regulasi Kadar Gula Darah pada Pasien Perempuan Diabetes Mellitus. Amerta Nutrition, 2(4), 340. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v2i4.2018.340-348
Romadhon, R., Saibi, Y., & Nasir, N. M. (2020). Kepatuhan Terhadap Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Jakarta Timur. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 6(1), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i1.15002
Sapang, M., Puili, D., & Sitoayu, L. (2018). IMT) dan Rasio Lingkar Pinggang Pinggul (RLPP) dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Puskesmas Kebayoran Lama. Jakarta Selatan Nutrire Diaita, 10, 45.
Smaje, A., Weston-Clark, M., Raj, R., Orlu, M., Davis, D., & Rawle, M. (2018). Factors associated with medication adherence in older patients: A systematic review. Aging Medicine, 1(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12045
Soelistijo, A. S., Suastika, K., Lindarto, D., Decroli, E., & et al. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia 2021. In PB. Perkeni. PB. Perkeni. www.ginasthma.org.
Sukarmini, N., Samba, N., Lestari, N., Sarasmita, M., & Larasanty, L. P. F. (2019). Efek Penggunaan Obat Antidiabetes Terhadap Luaran Terapi Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Komplikasi Ulkus Kaki Diabetik Di Rsup Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 5(2), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v5i2.434
Theofilou, P. (2022). Associated Factors with Adherence Level of Elderly Patients with Hypertension to the Prescribed Medication. The Open Public Health Journal, 15(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v15-e221220-2022-136
Tjokroprawiro, A., Setiawan, P., Santoso, D., Soegiarto, G., & Rahmawati, L. (2015). Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam (2nd ed.). Airlangga University Press.
Wibowo, M. I. N. A., Yasin, N. M., Kristina, S. A., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2021). Systematic Review : Determinan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2 di Indonesia. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 31(4), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v31i4.4855
World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Classification of diabetes mellitus. In WHO. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12855_84
Yap, A. F., Thirumoorthy, T., & Kwan, Y. H. (2016). Medication adherence in the elderly. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics, 7(2), 64–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcgg.2015.05.001
Yulianti, T., & Anggraini, L. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Rawat Jalan di RSUD Sukoharjo. Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 17(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v17i2.12261
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