GAMBARAN KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DIARE AKUT BALITA DI PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA
Keywords:
Acute Diarrhea, Under-Five Children, Nutritional Status, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Rotavirus Vaccination
Abstract
Diarrhea is an increased frequency of bowel movements with loose stools. The under-five age group is the group with the highest prevalence of diarrhea. Diarrhea has several risk factors, e.g., poor nutritional status and poor personal hygiene. Exclusive breastfeeding and rotavirus vaccination are protective factors that can prevent diarrhea. Also, some research mentions that age and gender can also influence the occurrence of acute diarrhea. This research aims to investigate the delineation of characteristics of acute diarrhea in under-five pediatric patients at Lempake Public Health Centre (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat – Puskesmas), Samarinda, based on age, gender, nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding history, and rotavirus vaccination history. This research is a descriptive research. 54 under-five pediatric patients were selected as samples using purposive sampling method in matching the determined criteria for sample selection in this research. The result obtained from this research are as follows: the majority of under-five pediatric patients with acute diarrhea at Lempake Public Health Centre, Samarinda, were in the age group of 12-23 months (27.8%), with normal nutritional status (68.5%), did not receive exclusive breastfeeding (51.9%), and had not received rotavirus vaccination (81.5%).
References
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2. Akhondi H, Simonsen KA. 2021. Bacterial Diarrhea. [In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551643/
3. Childs, C. E., Calder, P. C., & Miles, E. A. 2019. Diet and Immune Function. Nutrients, 11(8), 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081933
4. Darmika, A. 2016. Karakteristik Penderita Diare pada Anak Balita di Kecamatan Tabanan Tahun 2013. E-Jurnal Medika, Vol. 5 No.11, November, 2016
5. Departemen Kesehatan RI.2011. Buku Saku Lintas Diare. Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan.
6. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Samarinda. 2017. Jumlah Kunjungan Puskesmas di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lempake. Samarinda; 2017.
7. Gultom, L.C., Tanjung, M.F.C., Sidiarta, I.G.L .2018. The 2nd Pediatric Nutrition And Metabolic Update. Nutrition and Metabolic in Special Condition: Practice and Future Trends. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia Cabang Jawa Timur
8. Gupta, A., Sarker, G., Rout, A. J., Mondal, T., & Pal, R. (2015). Risk correlates of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in slums of bankura, west bengal. Journal of global infectious diseases, 7(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-777X.150887
9. Hossain, M. S., Begum, S., Rahman, M. M., Mazumder, R. N., Parvez, M., Gazi, M. A., Hasan, M. M., Fahim, S. M., Das, S., Mahfuz, M., Sarker, S. A., & Ahmed, T. (2021). Alterations in the histological features of the intestinal mucosa in malnourished adults of Bangladesh. Scientific reports, 11(1), 2355. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82079-6
10. Imanadhia, A. 2019. Etiology Based on Clinical Manifestation of Acute Diarrhea Incidence of Children Hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya Period 2011- 2013. Biomolecular and Health Science Journal 2019 June, Vol 02 (01).
11. Jarman, A. F., Long, S. E., Robertson, S. E., Nasrin, S., Alam, N. H., McGregor, A. J., & Levine, A. C. (2018). Sex and Gender Differences in Acute Pediatric Diarrhea: A Secondary Analysis of the DHAKA Study. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 8(1-2), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.2991/j.jegh.2018.08.102
12. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2011. Survei Data Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2007. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kemenkes RI: Jakarta.
13. Kementerian kesesehatan RI. 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan: Jakarta
14. Kementerian kesesehatan RI. 2018. Laporan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Riskesdas. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan : Jakarta
15. Kliergman. 2012. Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Nelson Edisi 15 Volume 2. Buku Kedokteran EGC: Jakarta.
16. Meinapuri, M. 2018. Hubungan Kadar Imunoglobulin A Sekretori Air Susu Ibu dengan Berat Badan Bayi yang Mendapat ASI Eksklusif. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas.
17. Nemeth V, Pfleghaar N. 2020. Diarrhea. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448082
18. Pangesti, K. N. A., Setiawaty, V. 2014. Masa Depan Vaksin Rotavirus di Indonesia. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.Pietrzak B, Tomela K, Olejnik-Schmidt A, Mackiewicz A, Schmidt M. 2020. Secretory IgA in Intestinal Mucosal Secretions as an Adaptive Barrier against Microbial Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(23):9254. Published 2020 Dec 4. doi:10.3390/ijms21239254
19. Purnamasari H. 2011. Pengaruh Suplementasi Seng dan Probiotik Pasca Perawatan Diare Akut Cair terhadap Kejadian Diare Berulang. [Tesis]. Program Pasca Sarjana Magister Ilmu Biomedik dan Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis 1 Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
20. Stanly AM, Sathiyasekaran BW, Palani G. 2009. A population based study of acute diarrhea among children under 5 years in a rural community in South India. Sri Ramchandra J Med. 2009;1:1–7
21. Sumampouw, O.J., dkk. 2017. Diare Balita Suatu Tinjauan Dari Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat. Edisi 1, Cetakan 2. Yogyakarta : Deepublish.
22. Tickell, K. D., Pavlinac, P. B., John-Stewart, G. C., Denno, D. M., Richardson, B. A., Naulikha, J. M., Kirera, R. K., Swierczewski, B. E., Singa, B. O., & Walson, J. L. (2017). Impact of Childhood Nutritional Status on Pathogen Prevalence and Severity of Acute Diarrhea. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 97(5), 1337–1344. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0139
23. Urrahmah, A. Kurniasari, L. 2019. Hubungan Status Gizi dan Imunisasi Campak dengan Kejadian Diare pada Anak Umur 10-60 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Palaran. Borneo Students Research
24. Utami, N. 2016. Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kejadian Diare pada Anak. Jurnal MAJORITY I Volume 5 I Nomor 4 I Oktober 2016
25. Weiser, K., Bergman, H., Henschke, N., Pitan, F., & Cunliffe, N. (2019). Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 3(3), CD008521. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008521.pub4
26. World Health Organization. 2017. Diarrhoeal disease. Availablefrom: https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease
27. Wibisono, A.M., Marchianti, A. C. N., Dharmawan, D. K. 2020. Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Diare Berulang pada Balita di Puskesmas Sumberjambe Kabupaten Jember. Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
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